Biological control is an important component of sustainable pest management that reduces reliance on chemical pesticides and promotes environmental safety. Species of the genus Bracon (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) are among the most effective parasitoids used against several economically important insect pests. This review summarizes current knowledge on the taxonomy, biology, ecology, host range, parasitism mechanisms, mass-rearing techniques, and biological control applications of Bracon species. Particular emphasis is given to Bracon hebetor, B. brevicornis, and B. nigricans, which are widely used against lepidopteran pests such as Spodoptera spp., Helicoverpa armigera, Tuta absoluta, and stored-product moths. Their high reproductive potential, efficient host-searching ability, adaptability, and compatibility with Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs make them valuable biocontrol agents. Recent advances in molecular tools and climate-related studies have improved understanding of their biology and field performance. Despite challenges related to mass production, storage, and commercialization, Bracon parasitoids remain promising agents for sustainable and eco-friendly pest management.