This study documents butterfly diversity in Nabarangpur District, Odisha, within the Eastern Ghats landscape, using field observations conducted over 24 months from January 2022 to December 2023. Surveys were undertaken along 50 predefined transects distributed among forest, grassland, agricultural, riparian and associated human-modified habitats. Butterflies were recorded primarily by visual encounter and photographic documentation, with selective sweep-netting for difficult identifications; field locations were georeferenced using GPS. The project report documented 147 butterfly species representing nine families. Nymphalidae was the largest reported family with 42 species (28.57%), followed by Lycaenidae with 35 species (23.81%) and Pieridae with 28 species (19.05%); the remaining six families together accounted for 42 species (28.57%). The field report qualitatively associated higher butterfly diversity with structurally complex and vegetation-rich habitats, while agricultural and riparian habitats contributed additional species with more specific resource requirements. A post-monsoon increase in diversity was also reported. These patterns are broadly consistent with published butterfly studies from other parts of Odisha, although seasonal peaks vary among landscapes. The documented richness is comparable with the well-studied Koraput landscape, where 148 species were recorded, and exceeds several smaller-site inventories in Odisha. The present work therefore provides a useful district-level baseline. However, the original report did not preserve a complete species-by-transect abundance matrix, voucher accession numbers, or the numerical output of the reported canonical correspondence analysis. The manuscript emphasizes habitat protection, host-plant conservation, reduction of pesticide pressure, landscape connectivity, community participation and standardized long-term monitoring.