The rapid expansion of India’s road network has led to significant ecological consequences, including habitat fragmentation and a surge in wildlife vehicle collisions the present study delivers an inclusive review concerning the mitigation of road kill in India, with a specific focus on mammals, Birds, Reptiles and invertebrates. the current findings from various landscapes such as western Ghats, Himalayas and central Indian parts brings lights on susceptible species prone to vehicular collision and effective mitigation strategies.

We noticed amphibians and reptiles shows highest roadkill rates, particularly during the monsoon seasons, when they show increased activity levels. Large mammals, such as tigers, elephants face significant threats in highways bisecting critical wildlife corridors. Birds, including endangered species like forest owlet, are also frequent victim during specific seasons. Information on invertebrates remains relatively less, although studies have documented mortality incidences of these insect groups, highlighting critical research gap.

In this study mitigation strategies like structural interventions, underpasses, overpasses, artificial canopy bridges to traffic management measures such as speed limits, speed breakers were discussed along with advanced technological solutions including AI-based animal detection, IoT enabled sensors. This review emphasizes the necessity of incorporating road kill mitigation into early stages of infrastructure planning to ensure the sustainability of India’s biodiversity conservation.