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International Journal of
Entomology Research
ARCHIVES
VOL. 11, ISSUE 2 (2026)
Efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum against Acrida conica (Orthoptera: Acrididae): Comparative application strategies and haemolymph biochemical disruptions
Authors
Elsayed Soltan, Mohamed Khyri El Dydamony, Noura M Mahdy
Abstract

The spread of the slant-face grasshopper, known as Acrida conica, has recently caused substantial economic damage. Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum is the most common entomopathogenic fungi which used as biological agents, they provide a safer and more efficient substitute for conventional insecticides. The study was conducted on A. conica nymphs in the Bahariya Oases, Egypt, during the summer season (2025) utilizing a sunflower oil based ultra-low volume (ULV) and water based low volume (LV) spray techniques. Mortality rates, median lethal time (LT50), and haemolymph biochemical disruptions were studied.

The sunflower oil based ULV greatly increased fungal virulence, according to the results, which showed 96.4% nymphal mortality at 10 days post-treatment compared to 76% by water based LV application. It also achieved LT50 of 4.17 and slope 3.24, while water based LV had LT50 6.12 and slope 2.18 indicating quicker fungal activity. Biochemical assessments performed five days after treating the fifth nymphal instar of A. conica with a sunflower oil based ULV application confirmed a severe metabolic collapse, reflected by a -63.9% decline in trehalase enzyme activity, indicating severe energy depletion. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), chitinase, and protease enzymes were all strongly activated, with increases of +237.5%, +413.1%, and +186.9% more than control, respectively.

These findings show that using M. anisopliae var. acridum in oil based formulation ULV protects fungal spores from desiccation and accelerating their penetration through the outer cuticle of A. conica nymphs leading to disrupting their critical functions. As a result, this technique is recommended as an effective and quick tool for the integrated management of A. conica controlling.
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Pages:440-444
How to cite this article:
Elsayed Soltan, Mohamed Khyri El Dydamony, Noura M Mahdy "Efficacy of <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> var. <i>acridum </i>against <i>Acrida conica</i> (Orthoptera: Acrididae): Comparative application strategies and haemolymph biochemical disruptions". International Journal of Entomology Research, Vol 11, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 440-444
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