Background: Among the many existing vectors which cause serious threat to human life, mosquitoes are of primary importance. Malaria, Dengue, Chikungunya, Lymphatic filariasis, and Japanese Encephalitis are those which dominate the world with regard to diseases. Combating vector borne diseases are crucial to help eradicate diseases. The use of chemicals and synthetic insecticides although were effective in controlling the mosquito vectors initially, they now cause adverse effects to both human and environment. Secondary metabolites derived from plants are used to control mosquitoes. Against this background, Annona muricata leaf crude extracts were used to study the larvicidal efficacy against dengue vector Aedes aegypti and filarial vector Culex quinquefasciatus.

Results: Annona muricata leaves were investigated to evaluate the larvicidal effect against Ae. Aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus IV instar larvae using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanolic crude extract. Most active extract was subjected to analysis of GC-MS method. The larvicidal efficacy was observed in 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 ppm after 24 h of exposure. Best activity was observed in chloroform extract with LC50 value of 227.853 ppm and 168.909 against Ae. Aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus respectively. The GC-MS chromatogram of the chloroform extract revealed the presence of 16 major bioactive compounds of which Minocycline, Heptadecane, 2,6,10,15- tetramethyl, Eicosane, Dodecane, 2,6,11- trimethyl, and Heptadecane, 2,6,10,15- tetramethyl are the dominant compounds. 

Conclusion: From the results obtained, it can be concluded that Annona muricata leaves possess larvicidal property against mosquito larvae as it contains many bioactive compounds. The use of plant derived secondary metabolites will result in combating vector borne diseases without any harmful effect on humans and environment.