The Philippine cherry (Syzygium lineatum D.C. Merr & L.M. Perry) belongs to the family Myrtaceae. This study investigated the phytochemical composition and cytotoxicity of the plant’s methanolic extract. Solvent fractionation and gravity column chromatography revealed the presence of essential oils, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins and higher alcohols. Cytotoxicity testing using a brine shrimp lethality assay at 500ppm showed the highest mortality rate between 12 and 48 hours after treatment. The results suggest that the bioactive constituents in S. lineatum may be responsible for the observed cytotoxic effects, potentially exerting physiological action on the test organisms.