Cajanus cajan, commonly known as pigeon pea, is a widely cultivated monocotyledonous perennial plant belonging to the Fabaceae family. In India, it is primarily grown for its seeds, known as toor dal, which are extensively used in culinary and industrial applications. The processing of C. cajan generates substantial amounts of peel residues, which, if unutilized, contribute significantly to environmental pollution. In this study, an eco-friendly approach was employed to valorize these agricultural waste peels by extracting their bioactive metabolites using four different solvents: aqueous, chloroform, hexane, and methanol. The larvicidal efficacy of the solvent extracts was evaluated against fourth instar larvae of three major mosquito vectors—Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus.