ARCHIVES
VOL. 10, ISSUE 12 (2025)
Diversity and distribution of dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata) in India: A comprehensive review
Authors
Chiranjeev Pandey, Gurprit Singh Bhatia, Majid Ali, Karuna Rawate, Ragini Dewangan
Abstract
Dragonflies and damselflies (Order Odonata)
constitute one of the most ancient and ecologically significant groups of
insects, acting as vital indicators of freshwater ecosystem integrity. This
comprehensive review synthesizes existing literature on the diversity,
distribution, and ecological roles of Indian Odonata, integrating data
from regional surveys across the Western Ghats, Eastern Himalayas, northeastern
India, central plains, and coastal ecosystems. India harbors approximately 498
species across 18 families and 154 genera, reflecting exceptional
biogeographical heterogeneity and high levels of endemism, particularly within
the families Libellulidae and Coenagrionidae. Regional assessments
reveal that odonate diversity is closely governed by habitat heterogeneity,
vegetation structure, water quality, and climatic gradients. Studies from
biodiversity hotspots such as the Western Ghats and the Eastern Himalayas
highlight the persistence of both endemic and threatened taxa, whereas surveys
in semi-urban and agricultural landscapes demonstrate the adaptability of
generalist species to moderate anthropogenic pressures. Despite progress in
taxonomic revisions and faunistic inventories, significant ecological and
geographical data gaps remain, particularly in the north eastern and
trans-Himalayan regions. Major threats to odonate diversity include habitat
degradation, pollution, deforestation, and climate change, all of which have
led to localized declines in sensitive taxa. The review emphasizes the need for
integrative conservation approaches combining habitat restoration, ecological
monitoring, molecular taxonomy, and citizen science initiatives. Ultimately,
sustaining the diversity of India’s dragonflies and damselflies is essential
for maintaining freshwater ecosystem health and ensuring the long-term
resilience of the country’s aquatic biodiversity.
Download
Pages:6-12
How to cite this article:
Chiranjeev Pandey, Gurprit Singh Bhatia, Majid Ali, Karuna Rawate, Ragini Dewangan "Diversity and distribution of dragonflies and damselflies (<i>Odonata</i>) in India: A comprehensive review". International Journal of Entomology Research, Vol 10, Issue 12, 2025, Pages 6-12
Download Author Certificate
Please enter the email address corresponding to this article submission to download your certificate.