India, as the world's
second-largest producer of fruits and vegetables, faces significant challenges
from pests affecting its citrus crops. The Lime butterfly (Papilio demoleus)
poses a serious threat, with its larvae causing extensive damage to citrus
leaves. To manage these pests, the reliance on chemical pesticides is high, but
their overuse has led to environmental pollution, biodiversity loss, and health
hazards. As an alternative, plant-based biopesticides have emerged as a
promising solution. This study investigates the larvicidal efficacy of extracts
from Momordica charantia (bitter melon) and Cinnamomum verum
(cinnamon) against P. demoleus larvae.
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