The
primary vector of Dengue and a possible vector of Chikungunya is Aedes
albopictus. Additionally, several arboviruses, including dog heartworm,
Ross River virus, yellow fever, Cache Valley and West Nile virus, St. Louis, La
Crosse, Japanese, eastern, western, and Venezuelan encephalitis, as well as
Dirofilaria repens avian malaria, could be transmitted by this species of
mosquito. An overview of the bio-ecology, medicine, and veterinary significance
of Aedes albopictus is attempted in this article. It operates as a
significant “urban, peri-urban and rural bridge vector” which crosses different
reservoir/amplifier hosts to humans because of its experience with different
vertebrates.
Because
of its invasive habit, ecological adaptability, host specificity, high
reproductive potential, and genetically increased repertoire of immune genes, Aedes
albopictus has become a highly effective vector. This review details the
identification and characterisation of Aedes albopictus, the principal
Dengue vector, in comparison to Aedes aegypti. The Dengue Virus is the
source of dengue fever, an illness spread by mosquitoes. Aedes albopictus
is thought to have a role in the transmission of dengue, as reported in recent
investigations. Severe dengue, commonly known as dengue hemorrhagic fever,
occurs in a tiny percentage of cases. The adult heads of each species
have distinct patterns of spots based on their shape. It is important to
distinguish Aedes albopictus from Aedes aegypti due to the
notable differences in the larval distribution and structure. Aedes
albopictus identification is essential for monitoring the species, which is
critical for controlling dengue vectors.
