Insects occupy the diverse group of Animal kingdom and poisonous insects constitute an important part. This study explored the diversity of poisonous insects and its traditional management practices in Sipajhar, Darrang district, Assam. The present study documented the prevalence of 37 poisonous insects belonging to 20 families and 7 orders where Hymenopterans known for its venomous character occupied the dominance. Insects in spite of its great services to mankind pose threats due to its rigorous and defensive mechanism in the form of allergy, rashes, inflammation etc. Traditional knowledge system plays an important role among the lives of the people. The region has sound knowledge in insect poison management practices which has been practiced since ages. These serve as natural remedy. Management practices were either applied topically as paste or ointment and sometimes taken in oral form. But with emergence of newer generations, modernization and advancement in medical infrastructure such traditional practices have become less pronounced hence, there is a need to preserve traditional knowledge as it is highly cost-effective, easily available and has been much helpful for the people residing in rural areas where roads and hospitals could not be easily assessed. Till date no work of insect-people interaction has been undertaken in the study area. Thus, through this study an initiative has been made to document the diversity of poisonous insects and preservation of traditional knowledge system in the region.