Momordica cymbalaria Hook (Fenzl.) is a non-cultivated, season-bound, tuberous vegetable plant harvested from wild sources. A little amount of research has been carried out on its phytochemistry. Further, none of the research articles focussed on its insecticidal value. Hence, the present research focussed on M. cymbalaria secondary metabolite profiling and screening its anti-insect properties. Saponins impacting feeding, growth, reproduction, and imparting mortality, and quinines causing cytotoxicity and immunotoxicity were found in acetone, methanol, and hexane extract of leaf, peel, seed, and tuber. Terpenes, one of the largest groups of secondary metabolites was found in acetone, hexane, and methanol extract of seed; acetone and methanol extract of leaf and tuber, and acetone extract of peel. Alkaloids resulting in pupal malformation, weight reduction, and extended development duration were seen in the hexane extract of peel; acetone extract of seed and tuber, and methanol extract of leaf and tuber. Coumarins, potent ovicidal and larvicidal compounds were found in acetone, hexane, and methanol extract of leaf; acetone and hexane extract of peel and tuber. Flavonoids were found in acetone, methanol, and hexane extract of seed and acetone and methanol extract of peel and acetone extract of leaf and tuber. Tannins were found predominately present in hexane extract of leaf, peel, seed and tuber. Phenols affecting larval growth, survival, adult emergence, pupal weight, and nutritional indices were present in hexane and acetone extract of leaf, peel, seed, and tuber. Further, the extracts tested on Spodoptera litura third instar larvae also revealed the presence of antifeedant, insecticidal, insect growth regulatory properties in the extracts.