Butterflies are one of the most important treasuresamong insects that act as a bio-indicators, ecological sensors as well as bio-pollinators.Butterflies sustain the wealth of ecosystem. Butterflies enable sustenance of ecosystem services through their role in pollination and serving as an important food chain component. The Government of India constituted Tadoba National Park and Tadoba Andhari Wildlife Sanctuary both fall under contiguous biogeographic areas. Tadoba National Park bearing a diverse terrain, climate and vegetation and thus it harbours variability among butterfly biodiversity. Tadoba is endowed with the centrally located splendid 120 hectare, perennial natural water body. Tall and evergreen Jamun trees border this large reservoir and provide good nesting sites for a variety of Birds and Butterflies. Seasonal variations are prominent in the Tadoba national park which is affecting the bio fauna. Summer begins with elevated 47°c, with hot and dry air blows continue with heavy shower in months of July to December and then atmosphere change to pleasant weather with 3°c is recorded in month of January. A total of 45 species of butterflies under 5 different families and 30 genera were recorded during November, 2016 to January 2018 in the Tadoba national park, Chandrapur, Maharashtra. Nymphalidae was recorded as the most dominant family in terms of number of species, represented by 20 species followed by Lycaenidae (12), Pieridae (10), Papilionidae (6) and Hesperiidae (1). Due to construction of Maharashtra state highway via Wani-Warora-Chimur-Kolara much of habitat destruction occurring in Tadoba national park and as a result butterfly fauna is under constant threat. The objective of the present study is focused on the assessment of the diversity and seasonal abundance of butterflies with vegetation composition of habitat and conservation priorities in the study area.