ARCHIVES
VOL. 6, ISSUE 6 (2021)
Effectiveness of the mixture of Cannabis sativa L and piper umbellatum leaves essential oils with temephos and permethrin on major vectors Anopheles gambiae S.L and culex quinquefasciatus
Authors
Henri Abé, Gisèle Aurélie Foko Dadji, Elie Baudelaire Ndjantou, Dicko Amadou, Joseph Lebel Tamesse
Abstract
Most of Arthropods borne diseases are endemic in tropical regions and especially in Sub-Sahara Africa. Synthetic insecticides use for vector control remain the first line of defence but they are associated with high toxicity, vector resistance, environmental adverse and limited alternative. The mixture of conventional insecticide with plant essential oil can be an alternative. Our study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of the mixture of Cannabis sativa L and Piper umbellatum leaves essential oil with permethrin and temephos on two major vectors Anopheles gambiae S.L and Culex quinquefasciatus under laboratory conditions. Cannabis sativa L and Piper umballatum Leaves essential oils were extracted by hydro distillation with Clavenger type apparatus. The chemical analysis of essential oils was carried out by GC-FID and GC-MS respectively for Cannabis sativa L and Piper umbellatum. Based on literature the LC50 for permethrin and temephos were found by serial dilution. These constant concentrations were mixed with increasing sublethal concentrations of Cannabis sativa L and Piper umbellatum leaves essential oil. Bioassays were performed on the larvae and female adults of field population of Anopheles gambiae S.L and Culex quinquefasciatus according to the WHO and CDC guidelines. Probit regression was used to calculate the LC50 and LC95 of each mixture. The Kruskal Wallis test was used to assess the significance of difference on the mortality rate between treatments. The mixture of temephos with essential oils is effective on larvae while the mixture of essential oils with permethrin is toxic for adult female of Anopheles gambiae S.L and Culex quiquefasciatus. The mortality is essential oil dose–dependent. For larvicidal activity, the LC50 and LC95 after 24 hours exposure for the mixture of Cannabis sativa L leaf essential oil with temephos were: 0. 14%; 0.002% and 0. 35%; 0. 026% respectively for Anopheles gambiae S.L and Culex quinquefasciatus; while these values for the mixture of Piper umbellatum leaf essential oil with temephos were: 0.30%; 0. 0011% and 0. 64%; 0.024% respectively for Anopheles gambiae S.L and Culex quinquefasciatus. After 48 hours exposure the LC50 and LC95 for the mixture of Cannabis sativa L leaf essential oil with temephos were: 0.011%; 0.0013% and 0.17%; 0.013% while for the mixture of Piper umbellatum leaf essential oil with temephos these values were: 0.023%; 0.001% and 0.38%; 0.015% respectively for Anopheles gambiae S.L and Culex quinquefasciatus. For the knock down activity of the mixture of Piper umbellatum leaf essential oil with permethrin, time necessary for knocking down 50% and 95% of exposed mosquito are: 27±0.4min; 14±0.8min and 53±0.6min; 52±0.14min respectively for Anopheles gambiae S.L and Culex quinquefasciatus. For Cannabis sativa L leaf essential oil mixture, time necessary for knocking down 50% and 95% of exposed mosquitoes are: 16±0.75min; 8±0.15min and 53±0.94min; 53±0.6min respectively for Anopheles gambiae S.L and Culex quinquefasciatus. For adulticidal activity, the LC50 and LC95 for the mixture of Piper umbellatum leaf essential oil with permethrin were: 0.024%; 0.011% and 0.18%; 0.17% respectively for Anopheles gambiae S.L and Culex quinquefasciatus; while for the mixture of Cannabis sativa L leaf essential oil these values were: 0. 027%; 0.011% and 0.18%; 0.15% respectively for Anopheles gambiae S.L and Culex quinquefasciatus. Conclusion: The mixtures of Cannabis sativa L and Piper umbellatum leaves essential oils with temephos and permethrin showed the efficacy with low concentrations against larvae and adult female of field population of Anopheles gambiae S.L and Culex quiquefasciatus.
Download
Pages:202-214
How to cite this article:
Henri Abé, Gisèle Aurélie Foko Dadji, Elie Baudelaire Ndjantou, Dicko Amadou, Joseph Lebel Tamesse "Effectiveness of the mixture of Cannabis sativa L and piper umbellatum leaves essential oils with temephos and permethrin on major vectors Anopheles gambiae S.L and culex quinquefasciatus ". International Journal of Entomology Research, Vol 6, Issue 6, 2021, Pages 202-214
Download Author Certificate
Please enter the email address corresponding to this article submission to download your certificate.