The biology of three freshwater fishes viz., Oreochromis mossambicus, Pethia ticto and Salmophasia untrahi in the lentic and lotic water bodies of India as worked out by various researchers is reviewed based on published literature. The biological aspects of fishes includes, length-weight relationship, relative condition factor, food & feeding habits, reproductive biology, fecundity, age and growth, sex ratio and biochemical constituents. The present review study is aimed at enhancing the knowledge regarding the biology of fishes and to enable the formulati on of suitable management measures towards a rational exploitation and management in water bodies in India. Several works have been carried out on the biology of these three fishes, but a consolidate information on biological aspects is still scarce. So this review study has been prepared which is needed to support the conservation of fishes in India. This review clearly indicates that certain timely measures have to be taken immediately to protect the fish fauna in India.