In order to preserve legume seeds in storage and establish an effective, health and environmental control strategy against food legume pests, we studied the biology and development cycle of an insect Callosobrusus maculatus. as an example of pests that cause significant economic and health damage. This work focuses on the study of biological parameters such as female fecundity, egg fertility and larval development (emergence rate and cycle time) of Callosobrusus maculatus grown on seed cotyledons (whole and shelled) of five types of legumes; Phaseolus vulgaris (bean), Vigna unguiculata (cowpea), Cicer arietinum (chickpea), Vicia faba (bean) and Pisum sativum (dry pea). The results show that female fecundity is higher in the presence of whole seeds of V. unguiculata, C. arietinum and P. vulgaris than V. fava and P. sativum seeds, where fertility is low. Also, the emergence rate of C. maculatus is higher on their natural hosts (V. unguiculata and C. arietinum) than seeds not belonging to their food spectrum. In the case of P. vulgaris, all the larvae die in the first stage, whereas in the case of P. sativum and V. faba a small number of larvae are able to begin their post-embryonic development which lasts longer than in the natural hosts where the duration is very short. On the other hand, dehulled seeds show that the seed coat causes a significant reduction in the emergence rate and a delay in the development of survivors in V. faba seeds, whereas in other seeds the seed coat only influences the life cycle length for P. sativum.